Scientific sense
When I was first exposed to sports science in the early 90’s I was a huge sceptic. “How can science replace hard training and guts and heart?”
The win by Alberto Salazar over Nick Bester in the 1994 Comrades Marathon seemed to vindicate my thoughts. Salazar had the audacity to break very early in the race and open a huge lead. Bester on the other hand was relying on what his heart rate monitor was telling him and only started to really chase the American with just over 8km to go and came very close to catching him. My, and many other people’s reasoning, was that had Bester raced according to his gut instinct and not kept his eyes glued to what his heart rate was doing, he may well have won.
But the reality is that without sport science, sporting performances would not improve. Think back a bit. Athletics used to be held on cinder tracks that became mud when it rained, thereby hampering performance. Now with synthetic tracks that problem is no more. Athletes wear streamlined clothing, clothing that breathes and dries quickly. Remember Cathy Freeman in her full body suit in the 2000 Olympic 400m final?
What about aerodynamics in cycling or motor racing for that matter. That is sport science. The soccer ball has evolved from a leather ball that became soaked and heavy when it rained but is now designed in such a way that it flies faster and farther than ever before. The list goes on.
The Eastern Bloc countries during the communist era put their athletes on systematic drug regimes. This too is sport science, be it of the unethical kind where sport doctors and scientists use drugs that have been designed for medicinal purposes to enhance athletic performance. Another classic case of sport science gone bad is the swim suit issue where world records where tumbling left right and centre to the point that the worlds elite have cried out for the banning of these suits and some have even called for swimming in a speedo again.
Thankfully FINA have now made a rule that for men only the shorts that go to the knee are allowed, no more body suits, and for the ladies it is the bather that goes to the knee. Sadly though the credibility of the sport of swimming has already taken a huge knock.
Now athletes are preparing for their moments of glory at High Performance Centres or training camps. Font Romeu in the Pyrenees in France is the favoured altitude-training centre of one Paula Radcliffe. The HPC (High Performance Centre) in Pretoria is regularly visited by the Swedish swimming team, German athletes, English swimmers and the list goes on. Potchefstroom has been a favoured training centre for many years for international athletes, as has Stellenbosch. At their disposal are physiotherapy, sports doctors, sports scientists, the latest gym equipment and highly trained gym instructors as well as dieticians. All of this to help eke out just that extra iota of performance.
Triathlon South Africa recently appointed a High Performance Manager who as one of her first acts got the elite triathletes together and conducted a battery of tests on them. Simple things such as pacing, warm up techniques and very importantly, fatigue measurements will now make a huge difference in the approach to training and racing that the athletes have.
At the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games Great Britain ended up fourth on the Olympic medals table after identifying specific sporting codes in which they knew they would bring home medals and pumped money and expertise into those codes to the point that specific sporting codes had specific training centres. A classic example of the combination of High Performance Centres, sport science, a squad and money well invested was their cycling team who brought home 12 of the 47 medals that Great Britain raked in.
Speaking of cycling. The great Lance Armstrong was meticulous in his preparation for the Tour De France. He would spend hours in the wind tunnel on his bike looking for the most aerodynamic position. And to get back to my original point about heart, guts and sheer tenacity, well Armstrong had that in abundance.
So I guess I have changed my tune over the years. I still believe that without heart and guts and tenacity and the willingness to suck up some pain, no athlete will ever perform. But the evidence of success of sport science, training camps and High Performance Centres is so huge and it is so clear that without the aid of science and everything that comes with it, sport will not improve the way the public and the sponsors demand.







February 14th, 2010 at 3:32 am
Well, Well, Well…
This is the most boring topic I had to read on this website.
When I saw Manfreds pic and read the headline, I thought it is interesting. However, he need to stick to what he is good at, but writing about SPORT SCIENCE….
I suggest that you contact guys like Dr Ross Tucker, Prof Time Noakes, etc to write about Sport Science.
I rest my case